1971-1976, SD, SDRK BERSUBSIDI YAYASAN SERDANG MURNI LUBUK PAKAM, SUMATERA UTARA<br>1977-1980, SLTP, SMP STRADA SANTO FRANS XAVERIUS II, JAKARTA<br>1980-1983, SLTA, SMA I BOPKRI BERSUBSIDI YOGYAKARTA, YOGYAKARTA<br>1983-1988, S1, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES, USA<br>1995-1998, SEKOLAH TINGGI MANAJEMEN IPMI, JAKARTA<br>1995-1997, MONASH UNIVERSITY, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA<br>